Beneficial Ownership and Corporate Structure

Purpose

This assessment establishes beneficial ownership — the natural person or persons who ultimately own or control an entity — distinct from its registered legal owners of record, and maps the corporate structure connecting them.

Scope

Assessment covers direct and indirect shareholding, voting control, and other means of control such as board representation or contractual arrangement, traced through intermediate holding entities to the natural persons at the top of the structure.

Typical commissioning circumstances

• Onboarding an entity with a complex or multi-jurisdictional structure.
• A change in reported ownership or control.
• As a component of enhanced due diligence.

Sources and methods

Assessment draws on corporate registry filings, beneficial ownership registers where available, and licensed corporate data sources, supplemented by entity-resolution techniques to connect related filings across jurisdictions.

Deliverables

A structure chart identifying intermediate entities and ultimate beneficial owners, with the ownership or control percentage attributed to each identified person where the underlying sources support that level of detail.

Limitations

Assessment is limited by the completeness and currency of the public and licensed registry sources available in each jurisdiction covered, which vary significantly. A structure that relies on nominee arrangements or jurisdictions with limited disclosure may not be fully resolvable.

Confidentiality

Structure charts and findings are provided to the commissioning party only and are not published in the registry.

Review process

Where a subject disputes an ownership finding, they may request review through the review and correction process.